Navies Without Oceans — Meet the World’s Landlocked Fleets

“More than a dozen nations maintain inland navies, most of which will likely never see service on (or even near) the world’s oceans.” ALTHOUGH IT MAY not enjoy the seafaring notoriety of say Great Britain,…

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Were The Mongol Invaders Spurred On By Medieval Climate Change?

The Mongols’ fast and furious conquest of Asia and much of Europe in the early 13th Century has been attributed to many factors: superior horsemanship, rigid discipline, devastating archery, and even the ruthless genius of…

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“Dear Mom, I Miss You!” – 1,800-Year-Old Letter Home From Roman Soldier Translated

“His emotions are really no different than those of soldiers today who are longing to go home.” AN AMERICAN GRADUATE student has translated fragments of a letter written by a 3rd Century Roman soldier, according to…

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Greek Fire – Nine Little-Known Facts About The Byzantine Empire’s Most Secret Weapon

As far back as the 7th Century, fighting ships of the Byzantine Empire were dousing enemy vessels with a flaming liquid known by western historians as “Greek fire”. While the ingredients of this volatile and…

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One Way Ticket – Japan’s Kamikazes Weren’t the Only Suicide Pilots of WW2

“Another Axis power also hoping to stave off defeat considered its own version of the kamikaze.” IN 1944, JAPAN’S MILITARY SHOCKED THE WORLD when it sent the kamikaze into battle. With the emperor’s fleet dwindling…

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The Wild Geese – A Brief History of Ireland’s ‘Foreign Armies’

“The St. Patrick’s were actually just one of a long list of Gaelic regiments to serve in other countries’ armies over the centuries.” ON SEPT. 21, 1846, General Zachery Taylor‘s American Army of Occupation stormed the Mexican…

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